Humic acid sodium salt(sodium huamte) for ceramics is made from Leonardite. After extraction from alkali, adjusting the PH,concentration, drying and crushing, the finished product contains more than 60% humic acid, iron content less than 0.5, PH 8-10 , Particle size 60mesh. Its action mechanism, effect and dosage are briefly described below,
1. Action mechanism
1) Dilution
After adding sodium humate to the clay-water system, the active anions adsorb on the surface of the clay particles and make the particles diffuse. The double layer potential increases, and the water in the clay structure is released to play a dilution role,increase the flow of mud and glaze about 50%, so it is a good dispergator.
2) Enhancement effect
The enhancement of porcelain billet, under the action of humic acid, changes the properties of clay-water system, reduces the water content of the billet and reduces the void of the billet, thus reducing the shrinkage in the drying process and making the dry billet denser and stronger. It can improve the strength of ceramic mud billet about 80%, reduce the damage of semi-finished product, and benefit to process semi-finished product.
3)Adsorption and Adhesion
Sodium humate has the colloidal chemical function of active functional groups of polymers. Therefore, it has strong adhesion. It can be observed by electron microscope that humic acid molecules are loose spongy structures formed by some loose porous globular particles similar to grape strings, so they have a large surface area. Thus the dense billet has strong glaze absorption capacity (reducing glaze stripping, pinhole, broken wire, underglazed, condensed glaze and other semi-finished defects).
4) Molding enhancement
Because sodium humate contains hydrophilic polar groups, hydration membranes can be formed in aqueous solution. The humic acid molecule, together with its hydration film, can be firmly adsorbed on the surface by mud particles, and the molecule of sodium humic acid is a loose and porous sponge structure, so it can bond the mud together. Thus the molding index is increased by more than 40%, which makes the billet easy to form, reduces the cracking of semi-finished products and facilitates mechanized production.
2.Application Effect and Dosage
1)Used for grouting mud
a. The improvement of mud fluidity is beneficial to the rapid flow of grouting mud in gypsum mould, thus reducing the defective of mud easy broken.
b. The reduction of mud moisture content (from 38% to 30%), reduces the total drying shrinkage of the billet from (13.1% to 10.8%), so it can significantly improve the deformation of the product, especially the reduction of the warp angle ratio of the product.
c. Improve the strength of billet and reduce the damage of semi-finished product.
d. 0.125%~0.3%。Add 0.125%~0.3% sodium humate in grouting mud.
2)Used for molding mud
a. Themoldingand strength of mud were improved (more than 20% and the flexural strength of mud was increased by about 90%). Thus reduce the damage, improve the molding performance, the semi-finished product damage rate from 25% to 5%, so that the product defects greatly reduced.
b. Reduce mud moisture content, shorten drying time 10%. Reduce drying deformation. reducing cracking defects in semi-finished products.
c. Add 0.15%~0.30% sodium humate in molding clay.
3)Used in glaze paste
For glaze with high viscosity, sodium humate can adjust its viscosity, overcome the drawback of shrinkage glaze, and reduce the ball milling time by 10%. 0.01%~0.07% sodium humate in Glaze paste.
4) Used in gypsum molds
When casting gypsum mould, adding sodium humate can improve the mechanical strength and prolong the service life of gypsum mould. Gypsum flexural strength increased by about 30%; tensile strength increased by about 15%; mold usage times increased by 30~50%.
5)Used for Sagger Mud
When sodium humate is added to sagger mud, the drying flexural strength can be increased by more than 20%, the molding moisture content is reduced by about 4%, the breakage rate of dry billet is reduced from 20% to about 2%, and the drying time is reduced from 6 H to 3 H.
Humic acid sodium salt(sodium humate) can not only replace the expensive sodium tripolyphosphate and reduce the production cost of enterprises. More importantly, it improves the manufacturing process, saves a lot of raw materials, energy, time, and greatly improves the quality of products. Sodium humate has been used in ceramic industry for more than 20 years. It is deeply loved by users and its annual sales volume is increasing. It is an indispensable multifunctional and high efficiency new additive in the production of ceramic industry.
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